Health promotion model

I. BACKGROUND: OVERVIEW

A. Nola Pender (born August 16, 1941) is a nursing theorist, author and academic. She is a professor emerita of nursing at the University of Michigan. Nola Pender developed a nursing theory model called Health Promotion. This theory is aimed at helping patients prevent illness through their behaviors and choices (Butts et al, 2013).

B. She earned did her Ph.D. degree at Northwestern University in 1969. During her doctoral degree, she met a doctoral advisor by the name James Hall who studied human thoughts in relation to how it influenced and shaped their behavior and motivation. From her interaction with James, Nola developed an interest in health promotion which culminated in her, coming up with the health promotion model after seeing that health personals only intervene when a patient had developed an acute or chronic health condition (Butts et al, 2013).

C. She believed that preventing a problem before it occurred could improve a person’s quality of life and money can be saved by the promotion of healthy lifestyles. This model was published in 1982.

D. Overview of the Theory

• Nola Pender’s theory’s purpose is to aid nurses in helping their patients identify health risk factors as well as beneficial practices in order to help the patients actively determine which behaviors will result in achieving optimum health. (reference)

• The health promotion Model is based on eight assessment nursing beliefs, all of which can be determined as points of potential nursing intervention. (reference)

• The key nursing concepts include a consideration of:

· Person

· Environment

· Nursing

· Health

· Illness

II. BACKGROUND: THEORY DESCRIPTION

A. Health promotion model

1. The Model:

· In1982, Dr. Pender published her health Promotion Model in her first edition book “Health Promotion in Nursing Practice.”

· The key components of this model include individual characteristic and experiences, behavior specific cognition and affects, and behavioral outcome health promoting behavior.

· The purpose of this model is to promote health promotion and illness prevention.

· It can aid nurses to help patients in altering their negative behaviors.

· Mid-range theory: A testable theory that contains a limited number of variables, and is limited in scope as well, yet is of sufficient generality to be useful with a variety of clinical research questions (physical exercise, diet, smoking, stress management). I used this website to get info above so we need to give reference : https://prezi.com/0wcyvclypzqx/copy-of-nola-pender/

2. The Focus and Goal:

Pender defines health as a positive dynamic state, not just absence of disease. The Health Promotion Theory focuses on three main aspects of life: behaviors specific knowledge, individual experience and behavior outcome, therefore every individual should be educated on behavioral changes that will help promote their health.

Dr. Pender wanted a model that focused on positive factors:

· Identified factor that influence behavior (Pender, 2011)

· The nurse work with the patient to discover behaviors and help change them, so can lead to a healthy lifestyle (Pender, 2011)

3. Developed because she believed intervention was only being done after people developed health issues. Dr. Pender believed that prevention is a better option.

· Better quality of life

· Increased life span

· Saving in health care dollars (Pender, 2011)

With this knowledge, these individuals should then work towards changing their past behaviors whether cultural practices or family traditions with the hope that these changes will produce anticipated health benefits. The goal is to learn and set up health promoting behavior (Alligood, 2014).